救災志工參與第一線救災工作社會影響力與生命價值之研究-以新北市政府消防局為例

Abstract

「政府力量有限，民間資源無窮」，充分運用民力已是時勢所趨，了解救災志工參與救災協勤工作，對於整體救災運作的改變影響，以及接受教育訓練課程的救災戰力的提升，消防局對於人力招募及經費福利等政策是否能有效提升參與意願，進一步救災志工對其家庭及工作生活造成如何的轉變。而當救災人員面對這些災難及傷亡相關事件時，他們如何因應事件對心理的影響？因此，嚐試了解救災人員的工作經驗及接觸災害危險及生死的經驗是否會改變他們的生命價值觀，救災人員的救災心態變化、生死教育與其生命價值觀的關係。 《菩提道次第廣論》(以下簡稱廣論)內容兼包並蓄，《廣論》生死思想扣緊各種生命問題加以歸納並提出解決對策，對當代生死學提供極有意義的參考價值，如何運用菩提道次第廣論的思惟理路來策勵消防人員職場積極面對自他危難的職場認同及生命價值分析。 本研究特針對新北市消防局第一線救災志工為對象，透由「社會投資報酬」（Social Return on Investment, SROI）方法的步驟一及步驟二，先找出救災志工相關出利害關係人，並描繪救災志工的影響力地圖成果及描述成果。透由深度訪談救災志工利害關係人，了解建構整體救災志工組織參與協勤工作對社會影響力結果分析，以及新北市政府消防局投入教育訓練課程的救災戰力提升效能，消防局對於人力招募及經費福利等政策是否能有效提升參與意願。另藉由問卷調查評估救災志工投入後，於第一構面救災志工任務對社會家庭影響改變:受測試者皆深信唯有良好的救災與救護教育訓練皆能達成執行任務效率，並促使團隊更加和諧，認同透過正向的表揚會使救災志工更願意投入更多心力，而家人也會因此認同其救災工作付出。第二構面救災志工任務對個人工作及生活影響改變:明顯看出有信仰者非常同意者相對於無信仰者比例較高，且具有明顯比例落差，本研究認為具有信仰者在自我生命意義上以及面對自我挑戰的態度上會反應在救災任務上，再從而發展正向人生價值。第三構面救災志工任務在接觸意外傷亡災難事件後對個人生命價值轉變:整體上來看能更確信具有信仰者於接觸過意外傷亡的救災任務後，會更珍惜執行消防工作、增加自我抗壓性能力、面對艱鉅的消防任務時會更有勇氣地去協勤，並希望自身會產生人溺已溺的精神去救護更多傷者，產生自我肯定與認同。第四構面從事救災救護多年後，對靈性或生命價值提升影響轉變，整體上來看能更確信受測試者認為從事救災救護工作多年後，會對自我的靈性或自我人生生命價值有所影響，本研究認為透由承擔救災志工加上佛學知見較易證得下列法類:觀功念恩/隨喜；善因感樂果/業果法則；自他交換/勇悍善行；自他交換/菩提心；知恩念恩；持戒、禪定、般若/六度；為利眾生願成佛。

"Government is limited, and civilian resources are infinite." It is the trend of the times to make full use of Volunteers’s power. Understanding the impact of disaster relief volunteers’ participation in disaster relief cooperates on the overall disaster relief operation and the improvement of disaster relief capabilities through education and training courses. Whether the fire bureau's policies on rescue manpower recruitment and financial welfare can effectively increase the willingness to participate, and how the disaster relief volunteers will make changes to their families and working lives. When disaster relief personnel face these disasters and casualties-related incidents, how do they respond to the psychological impact of the incident? Therefore, try to understand whether disaster relief personnel's work experience, exposure to disaster risks, life and death experience will change their life values, the relationship between disaster relief mentality changes, life and death education and their life values. The "Guang Lun" of the Bodhi Path (hereinafter referred to as the "Guang Lun") has all-inclusive content. The "Guang Lun" thought of life and death fastened various life problems, summarized and proposed solutions, and provided extremely meaningful reference value for contemporary life and death studies. Bodhi’s broad-based thinking and reasoning approach encourages firefighters to actively face their own dangers in the workplace and analyze the value of life. This study is specifically aimed at the first-line disaster relief volunteers of the New Taipei City Fire Department. Through the steps 1 and 2 of the "Social Return on Investment" (SROI) method, first find out the relevant stakeholders of disaster relief volunteers. People, and describe the impact map results of disaster relief volunteers and describe the results. Through in-depth interviews with stakeholders of disaster relief volunteers, understanding the results of constructing an overall disaster relief volunteer organization to participate in collaborative work on the social impact of the results, and the New Taipei City Fire Department’s education and training courses to enhance the effectiveness of disaster relief combat, the fire department’s impact on manpower Whether policies such as recruitment, funding and welfare can effectively increase willingness to participate. In addition, after assessing the input of disaster relief volunteers through a questionnaire survey, in the first aspect: the subjects are convinced that only good disaster relief and rescue education and training can achieve the efficiency of task execution and promote the team to be more harmonious. Praise will make disaster relief volunteers more willing to devote more effort, and family members will also recognize their contributions to disaster relief work. The second dimension: It is obvious that the proportion of believers who strongly agree is higher than that of non-believers, and there is a significant gap in proportion. This study believes that believers will respond in the sense of self-life and the attitude towards self-challenge In the disaster relief task, the positive life value will be developed. The third aspect: On the whole, people with beliefs can be more convinced that after being exposed to disaster relief tasks involving accidental casualties, they will cherish the performance of firefighting work, increase their self-resistance ability, and be more courageous in the face of difficult firefighting tasks Go to work together and hope that you will have the spirit of drowning to rescue more injured people, and generate self-affirmation and identification. The fourth aspect: On the whole, they can be more confident that the testees believe that after many years of disaster relief work, they will have an impact on their spirituality or their own life value. This study believes that it is through the commitment of disaster relief volunteers and Buddhist knowledge It is easier to prove the following types of Dharma: Observation of Kungfu and Rejoicing / Rejoicing; Good Causes and Feelings of Joyful Fruits / Karma-Fruit Law; Self-exchange / Brave and Good Deeds; Self-exchange / Bodhicitta; Knowing Grace and Enlightenment; Precepts, Meditation, Prajna / Six degrees; for the benefit of all beings, I wish to become a Buddha.