《未來史》研究

Abstract

《未來史》（Anāgatavaṃsa）是後期巴利語文獻，相傳是十二世紀晚期的Kassapa所編撰，為第一部完整描述彌勒從出生、成佛、涅槃一生事迹的著作。本論文以文獻比對的方法，從現存的梵、巴、漢有關彌勒的經典與之比對，考察其異同。 第一章為緒論，簡介本論文的研究主題、方法，並回顧前人研究成果；第二章為巴利文獻中的未來佛，簡介巴利三藏中談到彌勒的典籍和後期巴利文獻有關未來佛的典籍；第三章是《未來史》與巴利文獻的比對，依序將《轉輪聖王師子吼經》、《佛史》、《清淨道論》與之比對；第四章為《未來史》與漢譯和梵語文獻比對，即將五部漢譯下生經和梵文本的《彌勒授記》與之比對。第五章是結論。 經過比對，結果發現《未來史》明顯與《轉輪聖王師子吼經》、《佛史》的結構和一些語句相似度高。另外，《未來史》的一些語句只見於漢譯彌勒下生經和《彌勒授記》的情況而推論，Kassapa極有可能參考的經典與這些經典存在著某種關係。

Anāgatavaṃsa belongs to the late period of Pāli literature. It describes Metteyya’s life from birth, awakening, preaching and nirvaṇa as a whole. According to the tradition the text was compiled by Kassapa in the late 12th century. The present thesis is using literature comparison, that is comparing Anāgatavaṃsa to extant Sanskrit, Pāli and Chinese materials, in order to see the differences. There are five chapters in this Thesis. Chapter one is the introduction. It introduces the topic, method of this thesis, as well as the literature reviews. Chapter two dealing with the future Buddhas in the Pāli literatures, including the Pāli Canon as well as the post Pāli Canon. Chapter three is the comparison of Anāgatavaṃsa and Cakkavattisihanada Suttanta, Buddhavaṃsa, Visuddhimagga. Chapter four is the comparison of Anāgatavaṃsa and five Chinese versions related to Metteyya, as well as three versions of Maitreyavyākaraṇa. chapter five, the conclusion. The comparison shows that there are some similarities between Anāgatavaṃsa and Cakkavattisihanada Suttanta, Buddhavaṃsa, regarding narrative structure and the sentence patterns. Furthermore, some sentence patterns in the Anāgatavaṃsa can only be found in the Chinese parallel versions related to Metteyya and Maitreyavyākaraṇa, but not found in the Pāli materials. It shows that there were some relationships between Anāgatavaṃsa and these texts.