成年自殺企圖者復原力與生活適應之探究

Abstract

本研究目的在探討成年自殺企圖者運用復原力，邁向生活適應之歷程，包括瞭解成年自殺企圖者運用哪些復原力保護因子，及其如何幫助成年自殺企圖者調適心理，使其在個人、家庭及社會層面逐步適應，脫離自殺危機邁向復原。研究參與者：本研究為質性研究，以立意取樣和滾雪球取樣邀請共五位參與者接受半結構式訪談，每次訪談時間為90分鐘到120分鐘，每位約1至2次。研究方法：本研究採用「整體-內容」分析方法，敘說研究參與者的整體生命故事，佐以Labov的完整形式，以摘要、狀態、複雜的行動、評價、解決方式、結局等六個元素作為內容描述的形態，探究研究參與者自殺倖存故事中潛藏的生命議題與復原的契機，作復原力保護因子與生活適應之分析研究。 研究結論：在三大層面的分析下，總共歸納出九個類別共二十項的復原力保護因子。復原力保護因子在心理調適歷程上，共整理出六項調整要件，而在因應行為之轉化上，有五項轉化的項目。另外復原力在個人、家庭、社會生活適應的展現結果，個人生活適應包含了三項要素1.透過多元學習強化個人面對和解決問題的能力2.建立新的人際連結3.自我省思、調整思維。家庭生活適應包含了兩項要素1.改善家人互動關係、建構家庭新生活2.省思自我存在的價值，重新歸返家庭生活。社會生活適應亦包含了兩項要素1.在行善助人中自我重新定位社會價值2.親近宗教或成長學習團體，增進自我覺知且融入社會。研究建議：實務工作方面1.研究參與者從廣泛的不同社群中邀約2.融入質性問卷調查。未來研究方面1.考量家庭結構對自殺企圖的影響2.納入宗教信仰的背景因素3.參酌家族自殺史的脈絡。研究限制：1.研究方法的限制2.語言詮釋上的限制3.研究樣本受限4.復原力保護因子觀點受限。

The purpose of this study was to explore the process of adult suicide attempters using resilience to adapt to life, including understanding which resilience protection factors were used by adult suicide attempters, and how they can help adult suicide attempters to adapt their psychology to individual, Adapting at the family and social levels, moving away from the suicide crisis and moving towards recovery. Study participants: This study was a qualitative research. Intentional sampling and snowball sampling were used to invite a total of five participants to a semi-structured interview. The duration of each interview was 90 minutes to 120 minutes, about 1 to 2 times each. Research method: This study used the "holistic-content" analysis method to describe the whole life story of the researcher. It was supplemented by the complete form of Labov. It used an abstract, orientation, complicating action, evaluation, resolution, and coda outcomes as six elements. The form of content description explored the life issues and opportunities for recovery that were hidden in the suicide surviving stories of participants and analyzes the protective factors of resilience and adaptation to life. Research conclusions: under the three levels of analysis, a total of twenty of the nine categories of resilience factors were summarized. In the course of psychological adjustment, the resilience factors have compiled six adjustment elements, and there are five conversion projects in the transformation of the response behavior. Also, the resilience in the personal, family, social life adaptation results, personal life adaptation contains three elements, family life adaptation contains two elements, social life adaptation also contains two elements. Besides, the results of the resilience in the adaptation of personal, family, and social life. Personal life adaptation includes three elements: 1. Strengthening the individual's ability to face and solve problems through multiple learning 2. Establishing new interpersonal links 3. Self-reflection, Adjust your thinking. Family life adaptation includes two elements: 1. Improving family interactions and constructing a new family life 2. Thinking about the value of self-existence and returning to family life. Social life adaptation also includes two elements: 1. self-repositioning of social value in doing good and helping others 2. being close to religion or growing learning groups, improving self-awareness and integration into society. Research recommendations: Practical aspects 1. Research participants invite invitations from a wide variety of communities 2. Incorporate qualitative questionnaires. Future research aspects 1. Consider the impact of family structure on suicide attempts 2. Include background factors of religious belief 3. Consider the context of family suicide history. Research restrictions: 1. Restrictions on research methods 2. Restrictions on linguistic interpretation 3. Restricted research samples 4. Restricted views on resilience protection factors.