天台智顗的止觀與懺法之研究— 以《修習止觀坐禪法要》為中心

Abstract

本文研究目的旨在探究並歸納智顗天台止觀的修行方法《修習止觀坐禪法要》一書的特色及其內涵對禪修行者的幫助，與天台止觀和懺悔行門兩者之間的修行關聯性。本文的論述核心是側重在天台止觀禪法和懺悔法門的理解和實踐。同時，本文討論到天台宗的懺悔思想與懺悔修持的發展和功能，以及懺悔修持與修習《修習止觀坐禪法要》的關係。本文依據命題分成五個部分論述，第一章說明研究動機與主題、研究方法與現代學者的研究成果之評析。第二章梳理天台宗的創立淵源與背景、天台止觀的傳承與發展、《修習止觀坐禪法要》的重要性。第三章歸納論述《修習止觀坐禪法要》的修行方法，並說明止觀前緣與止觀正行的修行內涵與結構。第四章是天台的懺悔思想與修行方法部分，論述漢傳佛教懺悔的意蘊、大乘佛教的戒律與懺悔法門、天台懺悔思想的內涵與意蘊。最後，第五章則是本文的結論。

This study addresses and aims to explore and summarize the practice of Tien-Tai Buddhism Master Zhi-yi Practice Method and focus on the book of ”The Basic Principles of Śamatha and Vipaśyanā Meditation” , then demonstrates that the book is significant in benefiting a meditation practitioner. Also, to find out the relevance between two practices Tien-Tai meditation and Kṣama practice. This study mainly discusses and focuses on understanding the relationship Tien-Tai Buddhism practice method of Śamatha and Vipaśyanā Meditation and Kṣama practice. Meanwhile, this dissertation is divided into five sections. In the first one, it describes the motivation, research methodology and the assessment to previous research results. The second section, it discusses the background and development of Tien-Tai Buddhism and the critical role to meditation practitioners of the book of ”The Basic Principles of Śamatha and Vipaśyanā Meditation” by Master Zhi-yi. The third section, summarizes and explains about meditation method, connotation and structure of the book of ”The Basic Principles of Śamatha and Vipaśyanā Meditation” by Master Zhi-yi. The fourth section is to discuss the implication of Kṣama practice in Chinese Buddhism which including the implication of Kṣama in traditional Mahayana Buddhism and Kṣama in Chinese Buddhism; also it discusses the thoughts and meanings of Kṣama to Chinese Buddhism. The final part is the research results and conclusions.