《大般若經》與《華嚴經》之四十二字門的觀行

Abstract

本文以《大般若經》與《華嚴經》為依據，探討四十二字門之觀行。依據《華嚴經》之四十二字門善知眾藝明示以唱頌四十二個音節入般若波羅蜜多門，因此以《大般若經》、《華嚴經》為主要依據，進行四十二字門的觀行之研究，除此之外，所包含的重點即藉由唱頌的方式來行持四十二字門之意義，並且解開「華嚴字母韻圖」與四十二字門觀行的關係，最終再歸結出四十二字門的觀行其用於淨化人間的線索。 論述的鋪陳，由下列六個章節串聯而成。第一章、「緒論」，首先介紹研究主題，並且逐一說明研究主題的構想與輪廓。第二章、四十二字門之觀行旨趣，即以入般若波羅蜜多為大乘菩提道的修行導引，首要的任務即是解開諸法緣起、空性、平等之實相義理，以音節做為與生命實相相應的所緣而證悟平等性智，由此做為開發善巧智的重要基地，而能轉化諸法成為菩薩摩訶薩修行的增上緣，去貫徹無限長遠的生命歷程。第三章、闡明四十二字門以證悟不二法界做為達成平等的準繩。本文以信、解、行、證來解讀不二法界的修學與證悟，即達成平等的情形，成為自度度他之本能。如此義理建構的基礎隨著般若波羅蜜多的指引而與其並駕齊驅，整套修學義理說明為不二法界之平等理趣。第四章、〈諷華嚴經起止儀〉唱頌之觀行導引，這裡解開〈諷華嚴經起止儀〉之「華嚴字母韻圖」其唱頌設計的結構，恰好合乎《大般若經》一字引發諸字的關係網絡，因而得出漢地佛教唱頌「華嚴字母韻圖」蘊涵的義理。第五章、以諸法緣起機制之運作與轉化的趣向，來闡明諸法運轉的機制用於人間淨化的線索。然而諸法運轉的單位，稱之為法，四十二字門就是以安住在空性、清淨這一個法，做為運作諸法的核心，再經由般若波羅蜜多引導修行在以諸法為所緣，做出在每一法當中皆能熟練的洞察與覺悟，經由不生而生的運轉機制，落實在平等理趣的通達實現，來開拓清淨國土。第六章、「結論」，總結本文研究的要點。

This article explores the perspective and practices of the Forty-Two Syllable-Doors based on the Prajñāpāramitā-sūtras and Avataṃsaka-sūtra. According to the Forty-Two Syllable-Doors of Avataṃsaka-sūtra, śilpābhijñaḥ expressly sang the Forty-Two Syllables entering into the prajñāpāramitā door. Therefore, the Prajñāpāramitā-sūtras and Avataṃsaka-sūtra are the main basis for the study of the perspective and practices of the Forty-Two Syllable-Doors.In addition, the key points of the study are on the meaning of practicing the Forty-Two Syllable-Doors by singing, and unraveling the relationship between the rime table of the Huayan syllables and the Forty-Two Syllable-Doors. Finally, concludes the clues of the perspective and practices of the Forty-Two Syllable-Doors used to purify the human world. The discourse is made up of the following six chapters. The first chapter ,Introduction, introduces the research theme, and explains the concept and outline of the research topics one by one.The second chapter, the Forty-Two Syllable-Doors, is to guide the practice of the Mahayana Bodhi by entering into the prajñāpāramitā and the primary task is to unravel the reality of the conditioned co-arising, emptiness, and equality of the Dharma. The syllables are served as the sampayuttpaccayo of life reality to enlighten the wisdom of equality and through this important base to develop the skillful wisdom; then transform the Dharma as the adhipatipaticca of the Bodhisattva practice to carry out an infinite life journey. The third chapter, expounds the Forty-Two Syllable-Doors applying the enlightenment of the Dharmadhātu of Non-Duality as the yardstick for equality. This article uses the faith, understanding, action and realization to interpret the practice and enlightenment of the Dharmadhātu of Non-Duality, that is to reach an equal situation, becoming an instinct for self saving and saving others. Such foundation constructed on arguments follows and also keeps pace with the guidance of the prajñāpāramitā; and the whole set of practice arguments is the principle of the equality of the dharmadhātu of Non-duality. The fourth chapter, the singing observation guide of "Singing Avataṃsaka-sūtra Ritual Track" unravels the "Rime Table of the Huayan Syllables " of the " Singing Avataṃsaka-sūtra Ritual Track" and the structure of its singing design is just in line with the relationship network of "Prajñāpāramitā-sūtras" that one syllable initiates many other syllables and thus the meanings contained in the "Rime Table of the Huayan Syllables" chanting by Han-Buddhism are grasped. The fifth chapter, in the way of the operation and transformation of the mechanism of the Dharma conditioned coarising clarifies the clues that the mechanisms of the operation of the Dharma applicable to purify the human world. However, the unit in which the Dharma operates is called Dharma. The Forty-Two Syllable-Doors is to live in the Dharma of emptiness and purity and also uses this as the core of the operation of the Dharma. Then, practice in the Dharma through the guidance of prajñāpāramitā and insight and awaken skillfully in each Dharma. Also, implements the realization of the principle of the equality through the mechanism of no birth which gives birth and expands the cleansing lands. The sixth chapter, "Conclusion", summarizes the main points of this paper.