《法華文句》「譬喻」的研究

Abstract

本論文有鑑於西方佛學研究方法對國內佛學研究方法的衝擊，主要的問題意識是：那麼，古德的研究方法為何呢？此外，由於佛學研究的發展逐漸重視宗教實踐的面向，那麼佛教的法義能否為現今社會價值兩難的問題帶來答案？這是本研究所要探討的另一個議題。 天台宗，中國史上最早的佛教宗派，由智顗大師以《妙法蓮華經》為基底所創，此經用許多「譬喻」傳達法義。「譬喻」，是佛典形式之一，對一般人來說容易了解也有助於學習法義。本研究又參考唐‧湛然《妙法蓮華經文句科》以便掌握天台智顗所著的《妙法蓮華經文句》，從智顗大師的理解為基礎，充分了解《妙法蓮華經》中的譬喻方法、法義，以期世人能將其意旨實踐在現代的生活中。 在本研究中，包含了以下四個面向為本研究之架構：譬喻的意涵（WHAT）、譬喻的與會大眾（WHO）、譬喻的方法（HOW）、譬喻的目的（WHY）。輔以如佛學數位平台及工具，將《妙法蓮華經文句》的譬喻系統性分析、歸納，以揭示其意涵。 總之，透過智顗《法華文句》譬喻的研究方法，本研究的最終目標是揭示：對《法華經》譬喻的最精簡版之注釋，即是《法華經》自身，它是連結世俗與神聖的橋梁，是治癒家庭、社會兩難的良藥，及獲取、實踐佛道的途徑。

In light of impacts of Western Buddhist research methods on domestic Buddhist research, what the research methods used by the Venerables in old times were becomes the main problem awareness of this research. Given that religious practice has gained more and more attention, it is inevitable to answer a question: Can Buddhism indicate some solutions to the dilemmas of social values of today? This is the other issue being explored in this research. Tiantai Sect, the first Buddhist sect in Chinese history, was founded by master Zhi-yi based on The Lotus Sutra, in which plenty of parables are used to impart Dharma. Parable, one of forms of Sutra, is both easy to understand and helpful to catch Dharma for average people. To fully comprehend parable methodology andthen Dharma in The Lotus Sutra so that people can put Dharma into daily use, this research plans to explicate The Lotus Sutra Wenju by Zhi-yi, consulting The Lotus Sutra WenjukebyTang, cham. Four aspects included as skeletons in this research are as follows: WHAT the parable tries to elaborate, WHO are involved in the parable, HOW the parable is laid out, and WHY the parable is here. With such assistance as CBETA and others, parables in The Lotus Sutra Wenju are systematically analyzed, organized so as to cast light on their implications. In sum, by means of exploring the parable methodology in The Lotus Sutra Wenju, the ultimate goal of this research is to reveal the fact that the most precise and brief annotations for parables in The Lotus Sutra is The Lotus Sutra itself. It, bridging religious world and secular world, is medication to heal family, society dilemmas, and paves the way for Dharma acquisition and exertion.