法藏六相說之探討 —以《探玄記．十地品》初地菩薩為主

Abstract

哲學家方東美教授在《華嚴宗哲學》一書中，曾論及華嚴圓融義能解決當前印歐及西方人的心靈分裂之二元對立的心病。大陸學者方立天先生在《法藏》一書中，更提及華嚴六相說為華嚴學中重要的學說，富有哲學及宗教上的價值及意義。 六相說可說是《華嚴經》的核心思想，是用來表述華嚴法界圓融無礙、無盡緣起之義。由此可見，華嚴的六相說不容忽視.，其解釋通常是與十玄門及華嚴的事事無礙的意境作連貫，以闡明事事無礙。 然而學界中有關華嚴六相說之研究甚為稀有。固然有幾篇有關六相說的研究，也皆主要是以十玄門之法界觀連貫起來說，或是站在地論宗的立場來探究六相說。 若仔細翻閱整部《六十華嚴》的經文，其實是無法找到「六相」一詞的出現。六相說既然是華嚴的核心思想，那此六相說又如何貫穿在整部《探玄記》中？法藏是如何詮釋這六相說？法藏的六相說思想是否受了他人的影響？這些都是本論文所要探討的重點。

In his book The Philosophy of Huayan School(華嚴宗哲學), Professor Fang Dong-Mei, a contemporary philosopher, discussed about the Buddhist teachings of “cosmic harmony” in helping Westerns to deal with the symptoms of opposing and dualistic mentality. Also, in the book Fazang(法藏), Mr. Fang Li-Tian, a researcher from Mainland China, mentioned that the doctrine of “Six Characteristics” (六相说) is the most important doctrine of Huayan School of Buddhism. Although the “Six Characteristics” is considered to be one of the main thoughts in conveying the meanings of “cosmic harmony” in the Dharma realm and therefore cannot be neglected in research fields, studies on the “Six Characteristics” are scarce. However, most of the studies conducted on the “Six Characteristics” are either in conjunction with the “Ten Profoundly Wondrous Gates” m, or with “cosmic harmony” from the standpoint of “Ten Stages” of Huayen School. Reading through the details of the entire Dasabhumika Sutra (《十地經》), one cannot find the actual words “Six Characteristics”. How were, then, the “Six Characteristics” said to be one of the main thoughts of Huayan School implicitly conveyed in the Tan Xuan Ji,（the Records of Exploring the Abstruse《探玄记》)? How did Fazang explain the “Six Characteristics”? Had the thoughts of Fazang been influenced by others? These are the main questions that this thesis attempts to explore and discuss.