巴利語《經集・那羅迦經》譯注與研究

Abstract

本論文研究的《經集．那羅迦經》（Nālakasutta）中有二大重點：一是佛陀傳記，敘述佛陀一生事蹟、精神、教說的著作。在《那羅迦經》中，一方面因為佛陀的誕生令阿私陀（Asita）高興，另一方面因為自己將不久於在人世，不能聽到佛陀的教法，而感到悲傷，於是勸導他的外甥那羅迦（Nālaka）追隨佛陀，向他求法並且一起修行。二是牟尼行，可說是幫助修行並減少障礙的修行方法。這樣的修行是經由實踐去修正自己的缺點，是完美人格所應具備的屬性之一。 在撰寫本文過程中，發現那羅迦（Nālaka）是佛陀十大弟子論議第一的摩訶迦旃延（Mahā-kaccāyana）的可能性極大，他與阿私陀（Asita）的關係、在世時間的推算、以及對佛陀教教法的貢獻等都是本文將要探討的內容。

There are two topics in the Nālakasutta that are studied in this paper: The first is the biography of the Buddha, a work that describes the life and teachings of the Buddha. In the Nālaksutta, although the birth of the Buddha made Asita happy, he feels sad for unable to hear the Buddha's teachings in his lifetime. He asked his nephew Nālaka to practice under the Buddha’s teachings. The munihood is the second topic, which is the aid to the practice as well as reducing the obstacles. For integrity as well as spiritual completeness, Such practice is necessary. I have found that Nālaka is probable Mahā-kaccāyana. In terms of his relationship with Asita, the time of his death, and his contribution to the teachings of the Buddha, these discussions are based on the Nālakasutta.