西方正念教育概觀：向融入正念訓練於我國教育邁進

Abstract

近三十多年來，西方醫學、心理學界發展出多種以正念為基礎的介入方式。隨著愈來愈多的正念研究，近幾年來正念訓練亦開始被運用在不同層級的教育，包括高等教育乃至小學教育。本文旨在概覽英、美關於正念運用於教育的研究現況，整理正念訓練對於教育的可能效用，為融入正念訓練於我國教育提供初步的實徵證據和理論依據。文章先要略描述ERIC資料庫中關於正念的研究；其次介紹英、美幾個推廣正念教育的民間機構；接著探討正念訓練運用於學校教育的利益；最後提出將正念訓練運用於我國教育的建議。

In the latest three decades, many kinds of mindfulness-based interventions have been developed within the fields of medicine, healthcare and psychotherapy in the west. Recently, due to the increasing researches of the benefits of mindfulness, educators begin to integrate mindfulness training into various levels of education, including higher education and K-12 education. This article aims to survey the researches on the application of mindfulness to education and discuss the potential effects on education in order to provide empiric evidence and theoretical foundation for integrating mindfulness training into education in our country. In this article, I review the researches on mindfulness from ERIC database, then introduce some non-govemmental organization which promote mindfulness education in United state of America and United Kingdom, discuss the benefits of the application of mindfulness training to school education, and offer my suggestions on bringing mindfulness training to school education in our country.