環境食農教育對環境倫理價值觀影響之研究—台北市永安國小學童案例之分析

Abstract

研究分析103學年度與104、105學年度，台北市永安國小食農教育實施成果差異後，藉由106年環境食農課程實施，探討「強調人與自然環境連結」的食農課程，對學生的環境倫理價值觀是否產生影響？經由環境教育及食農教育的文獻回顧後，設計以重新連結人與人、人與社會、人與自然為理念，以親身體驗、學習感恩與反思農業方式、飲食選擇影響，為主要學習方式的「環境食農」教育課程，並發展研究工具、進行教學與蒐集研究資料。透過資料分析，檢視、探討在國小校園實施「環境食農」課程對學生環境倫理價值觀的影響。研究方法採用問卷紙筆測驗以及結構性晤談兩種方式，進行學生、家長、參與教師三方的一手資料收集。 研究結果顯示，環境食農教育乃是連結環境教育與食農教育的重要方式；強調「重新連結」的環境食農教育，對國小學童環境倫理價值觀、環境態度與環境行為有正面的影響。依據研究結果，建議食農教育應與聯合國永續發展目標結合；食農教育應擴大關懷範圍，連結人與人、人與社會、人與自然，以達永續發展之目標；發展以正向改變個人內在價值系統為目標的環境食農教育，以達成環境教育目標；目前國內以食農親身體驗、營養教育為主的食農教育，應加入以思考、情感層面連結的情意領域教學，可正向改變學習者學習態度。希冀本研究成果可做為國小學童環境食農教育研究與實踐之參考。

The purpose of this research is to investigate into the effect of Environmental-Food-Agriculture Education which emphasizes the connection of human and nature. How does Environmental-Food-Agriculture Education affect students' environmental ethics? After literature review on Environmental Education and Food-Agriculture Education, our Environmental-Food-Agriculture Education courses are designed by reference to previous three years' implementation experiences of Food-Agriculture Education at Taipei Yong-An Elementary School. The educational philosophy of Environmental-Food-Agriculture Education courses underscores human's re-connection to human, society, and nature. The key components of the course include hands-on agricultural experience, expression of gratitude, and reflection on farming and dietary choice. Research tools have been developed to facilitate teaching and collecting research materials. Through data examination and analysis, this research discusses the effect of Environmental-Food-Agriculture Education on elementary school students' environmental ethics. The research method used paper questionnaires and structured interviews to collect first-hand data from students, parents, and participating teachers. The research results show that Environmental-Food-Agriculture Education links Environmental Education and Food-Agriculture Education. With the emphasis on "re-connection", Environmental-Food-Agriculture Education has positive effects on elementary school students' environmental ethics, attitudes, and behavior. Based on the research results, it is suggested to combine Food-Agriculture Education with United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. With sustainable development goals in mind, the scope of Food-Agriculture Education should be expanded to connect human to human, society, and nature. Environmental-Food-Agriculture Education changes environmental ethics and achieves the goals of environmental education. The focus of current Food-Agriculture Education in Taiwan is mostly on hands-on experience and nutrition education. Moreover, Affective Domain Learning should be added to promote positive learning attitude. Hopefully the results of this research could make contribution to more research and practice of Food-Agriculture Education at Elementary Schools in the future.